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The image explains dark patterns in India, the evolution of law regulating dark patterns and the practices of dark patterns

Dark Patterns & Digital Ads: India’s Consumer Protection Framework

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Dark patterns, interface designs that subtly manipulate or mislead users, have moved from being a niche UX debate to a central regulatory concern in India’s digital economy. As consumer-facing startups scale rapidly across e-commerce, fintech, healthtech and D2C verticals, product and marketing teams increasingly rely on persuasive design and targeted advertising to drive conversions. However, […]

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Investor and Founder negotiating a shareholders' agreement.

Balancing Founder’s and Investor’s Rights in Startup Shareholders’ Agreement (Startup Fundraising Series, Part VIII)

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The culmination of term sheet negotiations marks a significant milestone in any fundraising process. Yet, it is only the beginning of a far more detailed and legally consequential phase—one in which the parties transition from broad commercial alignment to the structuring of binding rights and obligations. Once the commercial framework has been agreed upon, the

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Telemedicine Guidelines 2020

Telemedicine in India: Understanding the Telemedicine Guidelines 2020

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Telemedicine has rapidly moved from a peripheral healthcare option to a mainstream mode of medical practice in India, driven by rising digital adoption and the need for accessible, timely care. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated this shift, prompting regulators to formally recognise remote consultations as a legitimate extension of clinical practice. Today, telemedicine enables patients to

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Founder evaluating compliance for FDI in the Indian startup

Raising Foreign Investment in India: FEMA and FDI Compliance Essentials (Startup Fundraising Series, Part VII)

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Cross-border fundraising has become an essential component of the capital strategy for Indian startups and growth-stage companies, particularly those operating in technology-driven and globally scalable sectors. As venture capital and private equity increasingly flow through international structures, founders are required to navigate a regulatory landscape that is both sophisticated and compliance-intensive. At the centre of

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An overview of the RBI's Digital Lending Directions, 2025

An Overview of the RBI’s Digital Lending Directions, 2025

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India’s digital lending ecosystem has expanded rapidly, driven by instant app-based credit, embedded finance models, and growing collaboration between fintech platforms and regulated lenders. This scale-up, while positive for financial inclusion, has also surfaced recurring concerns around opaque pricing, disproportionate data collection, and coercive recovery practices, issues that prompted the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

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An investor conducting legal due diligence on a startup in India.

A Legal Due Diligence in Startup Investments: Bridging Caveat Emptor and Corporate Governance (Startup Fundraising Series, Part VI)

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In India’s rapidly evolving startup landscape, the pursuit of capital often outpaces the establishment of legal structure. Amidst the momentum of valuation discussions and funding negotiations, it is legal due diligence that ensures the enterprise rests on a foundation of compliance and enforceability. The principle underlying this exercise is not new, it traces its origin

A Legal Due Diligence in Startup Investments: Bridging Caveat Emptor and Corporate Governance (Startup Fundraising Series, Part VI) Read More »

The image explains agentic AI and laws applicable to agentic AI in India.

Autonomy Meets Accountability: Regulating Agentic AI in India

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Artificial intelligence has moved beyond passive assistance into a new phase of autonomy, often referred to as Agentic AI. These systems can independently make decisions, execute tasks, and interact with other digital environments without constant human input. From managing workflows and analysing contracts to responding to customer queries or drafting code, agentic AI tools are

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Founder and Investor determining valuation and investor rights to protect valuation

A Legal Perspective on Determining and Safeguarding Startup Valuations in India (Startup Fundraising Series, Part V)

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Valuation often forms the centrepiece of any startup fundraising discussion. For founders, it reflects the prospect of their vision; for investors, it signifies the price of future potential. Yet, in the early stages of a company’s life cycle, valuation is seldom a precise science. It sits at the intersection of commercial optimism, market sentiment, and

A Legal Perspective on Determining and Safeguarding Startup Valuations in India (Startup Fundraising Series, Part V) Read More »

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